To produce refined oil, crude palm oil and crude palm kernel oil are processed through three refining steps,namely degumming, bleaching and deodorization.
In dugumming, the gum and fatty acid in crude palm oil and crude palm kernel oil are separated together with other impurities such as trace minerals, copper and iron by the application of phosphoric acid.
In bleaching, the oil is mixed with bleaching earth in a vacuum room to remove impurities and color pigments in the palm oil.
In deodorization, the odor and taste of the oil are removed when the oil is steamed at high temperature of between 240 to 260℃ and then cooled to room temperature.